Malaria remains a serious public health problem in Zimbabwe, with more than five million people at risk of contracting the disease annually, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). In the first eight of 2023 (by August), health authorities say the country had recorded 144,508 positive malaria cases.
Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Manicaland, Matabeleland North and Masvingo accounted for 97% of the cases. Here is a snapshot of what you need to know about Malaria.
What is Malaria?
It is a disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through bites from infected female (Anopheles) mosquitoes.
How does it spread?
- Through the bites from infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
- Blood transfusion and contaminated needles may also transmit malaria.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms usually start within 10–15 days of getting bitten by an infected mosquito.
- Fever, headache and chills.
- Extreme tiredness and fatigue
- Impaired consciousness
- Multiple convulsions
- Difficulty breathing
- Dark or bloody urine
- Jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin)
- Abnormal bleeding
Prevention
- Take preventative medication (chemoprophylaxis) before travelling to areas where malaria is common.
- Use mosquito nets when sleeping in places where mosquitoes are prevalent
- Use mosquito repellents when in infested areas
- Use coils and vaporizers.
- Use window screens with mesh that keeps mosquitoes out
Treatment
These are the most common medical treatments for malaria:
- Artemisinin
- Chloroquine
- Primaquine
Sources
Ministry of Health and Child Care
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